Lock.



No. 856,556. PATENTED JUNE ll, 1907. H, P. TOWNSEND & W. R. GORBIN.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 31, 1907.

@MMM/mosca UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY P. TOWN SEND AN D WILBUR R. CORBIN, OF NEW BRITAIN, CON- NECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO CORBIN CABINET LOCK COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

and WILBUR R. CORBIN, citizens of the United States, residing at New Britain,l

county of Hartford, Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates particularly to a pin tumbler cylinder lock 1n which a single hub is operable by two differently bitted keys. By the use of one of the keys the hub may be turned a limited distance, which we will say is the first step. By the use of another key the hub may be turned a second step, or by the use of a third key the hub may be turned both the first and the second step, thus giving to the lock awide range of usefulness.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the casing and hub, showing the first key in position. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the casing'and hub, showing the second key in position. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the hub. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a master key.

Inthe particular form shown in Figs. l to 4, We have illustrated a construction in which the hub is turned the first step by one key and the second step by another key.

lis a hub casing containing offset chambered tumbler casings 1EL 1b. These parts la lb are arranged at different angles relatively to the axis of the hub casing.

2 is the hub proper having the usual keyslot and carrying pin tumbler sections.

3 4 are keys.

One step in the revolution of the hub comprises moving the hub beyond that point where the key-slot is alined with the casing 1b.

It may be assumed that the key 3 is only adapted to properly set the tumblers in the casing 1a so as to break joints and permit the hub to turn from that position; and it may be assumedthat the key 4 is'only adapted to cause the pin tumblers in casing 1b to break joints and permit the hub to turn from that position. f

In the particular form shown, there are a series of pin sections 5a 5b 5c 5d 5e 5f in the casing la. In the casing 1b there are a series of pin sections ab 6 6(l 6e Gf. In the hub 2 there are a series of pin sections 7 a 7b 7C 7d 7e 7f. The keys may operate on the inner ends of the latter sections either directly or indirectly through the medium of ball bearings. i

lIn the section l*1 this peculiarity will be noted: the pins 5b 5d 5f have shouldered or headed inner ends, the pin cavities therein being counterbored at their outer ends to afford clearance for said shoulders or heads. The length of the pin is such that when these heads are seated the inner end of the pin will not roject into the corresponding cavity in the ub. In the casing 1b it will also be noted that the relatively alternate pins d 6c 6e are headed, and the length of these pins is such that when these heads are seated the inner ends" of the pins will not project into the hub cavities.

The key 3 is so bitted as to operate only on the pins 5EL 5C 5e, while the key 4 is so bitted as to operate only on the pin sections 6b 6d Gf. The key 3, of course, does not have t0 operate those pin sections in the 5 series which do not engage and lock the hub, that is, the headed pin sections. The key 4 does not have to operate the headed pins of the 6 series. Inasmuch as these sets of pins, respectively, are in different cross sectional planes, it follows that the keys 3 and 4 have different bittings. The key 3 will release the hub say when the several pin sections are alined with the casing 1n, and consequently the hub can be turned in either. direction until the pin sections therein register with the casing 1b, whereupon the unshouldered or headless tumblers therein will instantly drop into the cavities in the hub, locking the hub from further movement by said key 3. The key 4, however, may now be employed to release the hub when in this position, so

that it may be turned in either directionuntil the pin sections therein are alined with the casing 1, whereu on thc parts will be locked in their origina position.

From the foregoing it will be seen that with a single hub two independent locking positions may be employed, for which it will require two differently bitted keys to release the same. If desired, the hub may be per- IOS mittedto turn only in one direction. This may be accomplished by means of a simple stop 8 with a spring 8 arranged to check the backward rotation of the hub 2. Such a lock may be employed whatever connection conditions may arise making such an arrangement desirable. It is obvious that a master key may be provided with bittings to operate both series of pins and thereby operate the lock in one movement.

In Figs. 5, 6 and 7, we have shown a modified construction in which the hub may be moved from the first to the second position and back again to the original position, if desired. In this form also a master key may be used which has the capacity of releasing the hub when it is in the first position or second position, and moving it a relatively greater distance than the first key. Such a construction -may be employed whereverthere is a demand for such a lock. For eX-lEv ample, such a construction might be employed where the first movement could be utilized to first release a dead lock and second A to operate a latch bolt of any well known type. While we have not shown this pin tumbler lock in connection with such a latch mechanism, those familiar with the art will,

readily understand from the description how the same may be applied without illustration or further explanation.

In this form of the invention, the casing,

the offset chambered tumbler casings, and the pin tumblers carried therein and in the hub, are the same. When the first key 3 is inserted, as above described, the hub can be turned until the pin sections therein register with the casing lb, whereupon the unshouldered or headless tumblers therein will instantly drop into the cavities in the hub, locking the hub from further movement in either direc- .tion by the key. To permit the hub to be returned by said key to its original position, the said hub has tangential recesses 9 9 9 on one side of the pin holes adjacent to those pin sections which would otherwise lock said hub from backward rotation. These cutaway portions form inclines which force back the pins in the section 1b so as to permit the hub to be returned by the key 3 to the original position.

The key 10 is a master key, and the bitting thereon is suitable to`lift all the pin sections, so that the hub may be released. The bitting is also such on the master key 10 that it will properly position all of the pins of the 7 series on the hub 2. The consequence is, this master key 10 may be utilized to release the hub from either position.

It should be stated that the function of the headed pins in all instances is to hold back the pin section in the casing so that the latter will not accidentally move inwardly so far as to lock the hub. While these headed pin sections serve in this manner, they of course sections in said hub each series of pin sectionsA adapted to be operated by separate keys for rotating the hub in the same direction.

.2. In a pin tumbler lock, ahub, pin tumbler sections therein, a casing, two independent series of pin tumbler sections therein arranged to coperate alternately with the pin sections in said hub, and separate means to operate each of said series of pin sections to free the hub in the same direction.

3. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections therein, a casing, two independent series of pin tumbler sections therein arranged to coperatel alternately with the pin sections in said hub, one series of independent pin sections adapted to be operated by a key for partially rotating the hub, and the other series of independent pin sections adapted to be operated by a different key for further rotating the hub in the same direction.

4. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections therein, a casing, a series of pin tumbler sections therein adapted to coperate with the pin sections in said hub, said pin sections adapted to be operated by a key for rotating said hub, an additional series of pin tumbler sections carried by said casing ad apted to engage said hub whenfreed from said first series, and said latter series of pin sections adapted to be operated by a different key for further rotating said hub in the same direction. l

5. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections therein, a casing, two independ-,,

ent series of pin tumbler sections therein arranged to cooperate alternately with the pin sections iny said hub, the first independent series of pin sections adapted to be operated by a key for releasing and rotating said hub until engaged by the other independent series of sections, said hub being cut away on one side to allow the return thereof to the first position, and means carried by the casing preventing the hub when engaged by the first independent series of pin sectionsfrom being turned away from said second independent series of pin sections.

6. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein, acasing, a series of pin tumbler Sections carried in cavities therein adaptedA to cooperate with the pin sections in said hub, some of said pin sections provided with heads engaging shoulders in the cavities in which they are mounted to prevent said pins from entering the corresponding cavities in the hub, the headless TIO l in sections adapted to be operated by a key -or breaking joints with the pin sections in the hub and turning the same, additional series of-pin tumbler sections carried in cavities in the casing adapted to coperate with the pin sections in said hub, said last mentioned series of pinsections adapted to be operated by. a different key for freeing the hub.

7. .In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein, a casing, a series of pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein and adapted to coperate with the pin sections in the hub, said series of pin sections adapted to be operated by akey for freeing and turning said hub,V a second series of pin tumbler sections carried in cavities in the casing adapted to cooperate with bre aking joints -by separate keys for the pin sections in said hub, some of said pin sections having heads engaging shoulders in the cavities in which they are mounted to prevent said pins from enteringthe corre-A sponding cavities in the hub, and additional means to operate the headless pin sections to break joints with the sections in the hub to free and turn the same.

8. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein, a casing, two independent series of pin tumbler sections carried in cavities in said casing adapted to coperatie alternately with the pin sections in said hub, some of said pin sections in each of said independent series having heads engaging shoulders in the cavities inwhich they are mounted to prevent said pin sections from entering the corresponding cavities in the hub when alined therewith, and the headless pin sections in said casing adapted to be operated by separate keys for with the pin sections in the hub and freeing the same from first one and then the other of said independent series of pin sections.

9. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein, a casing, two independent series oi pin tumbler sections carried. in cavities in said casing adapted to cooperate alternately with the pin sections in said hub, some of said pin sections alternating in said series having heads engaging shoulders in the cavities in which they are mounted to prevent said pin sections from entering the corresponding cavities in the hub when alined therewith, the headless pin sections in said casin adapted to be operated reaking joints with the pin sections in the hub and freeing the same from first one and then the other of said independent series of pin sections.

10. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein, a casing, a series of pin tumbler sections carried in cavities therein adapted to coperate with the cavities in said hub, the said pin sections adapted to be operated by a key for breaking joints with the pin sections in the hub and turning the same, a second series of pin tumbler sections carried in cavities in the casing adapted to engage in the correspondingcavities in said hub when alined therewith to prevent further rotation, the hub being cut away on one side of the cavities engaged thereby to allow reverse rotation of said hub, and said last named series of pin sections adapted to be operated by a difl'erent key for breaking joints with the pin sections in the hub and freeing the same.

11. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections movable therein, a hub casing, and two independent series o1 pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein arranged to coperate independently with the pin sections in the hub the pin sections of the two series adapted to be operated by separate keys for rotating the hub in the same direction.

12. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections movable therein, a hub casing, and two independent series of pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein arranged to cooperate independently with the pin sections in the hub, some of said pin sections in each series in the-casing being provided with from extending into means preventing them in the hub when the corresponding cavities alined therewith.

13. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein, a casing, two independent series of pin tumbler sections therein arranged to coperate independently with the pin sections in the hub, and a plurality of pin sections in each series in the casing provided with means reventling said pin sections from enterin t e corresponding cavities in the hub wien alined therewit said pins sections so. positioned that no two pin sections in the two series correspond.

14. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections mounted in the cavities therein,

a casing, two independent series of pin tumbler sections mounted in the cavities therein arranged to cooperate alternately with the pin sections in the hub, some of said pin sections in each series in the casing being provided with means coacting with the cavities in which they are mounted preventing them lfrom extending into the corresponding cavities in the hub when alined therewith.

15. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein. a casing, two independent series of corresponding pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein nately with the pin sections in the hub, and alternating pin sections in each series in the casing provided with means preventing said pin sections from entering the corresponding cavities in the hub when alined therewith.

16. In a pin tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein, a

ICO

arranged to coperate alter- ISO casing, two independent series of corresponding pin tumbler sections mounted in cavities therein arranged to cooperate alternately with the pin sections in the hub, and alternate pin sections in each series in the casing provided with means restricting them from entering the corresponding cavities in the hub when alined therewith, the .said restricted pin sections in one series alternating with the restricted pin sections in the other se,- ries.

17. In a pin and tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections therein, a casing, a series of pin tumbler sections therein arranged to cooperate With the pin sections in the hub and adapted to be operated by a key for rotating said hub, and a second series of pin sections in the casing arranged to coperate with the pin sections in the hub to lock the same from further rotation in one direction, said second series of pin sections adapted to be operated lyba diHerent key for further rotating the 18. In a pin and tumbler lock, a hub, pin tumbler sections therein7 a casing, a series of pin tumbler sections therein arranged to cooperate With the pin sections in the hub and adapted to be operated by a key for rotating said hub, a second series of pin sections in the casing arranged to coperatewith the pin sections in the hub to lock the same from further rotation in one direction7 said second series of pin sections adapted to be operated by a dierent key for further rotating the hub in both directions, and means securing the hub against counter-rotation beyond the, first of said series of pin sections.

HARRY P. TOWNSEND.

vWILBUR R. CORBIN.

Witnesses JOHN D. BLAIR, P. B. CLARK. 

